Scale of Atom




 

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The structure of the atom

The matter is composed of atoms such as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, and the size of the atom is about 10-10m. Atoms consist of an atomic nucleus and electrons rotating around the nucleus, which are about 10-5 times the size of an atom but make up almost 100% of the atomic mass. The atomic nucleus consists of a proton with a positive charge and a neutron that is electrically neutral, and the proton and neutron are collectively called a nucleus.
One proton's mass is 1.6726x10-27kg, and the mass of a neutron is about 1.00138 times that of a proton. The mass of an electron is 1/1836.15 of a proton, the charge is opposite to that of a proton, and the absolute value of the charge magnitude is the same.
In other words, most of the atomic mass is the mass of the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus, and the mass of the electrons orbiting the nucleus occupies only a fraction.